Learning strategies are devices employed by learners to assist in the acquisition of knowledge and skills. Instruction should guide the learner in the choice of appropriate learning strategies for particular learning tasks. Facilitating the learning of declarative knowledge, concepts, procedures, principles, problem solving, cognitive, attitudes, and psychomotor skills begins with decisions on what content should be presented, how it should be presented, and in what sequence the instruction should follow. Ideally, an instructional strategy should be as generative as possible while still offering motivational support for learners.
Concept instruction may follow an inquiry or discovery approach (generative strategy) or expository or concept approach (supplantive strategy). If following an inquiry approach, instruction would be designed to incorporate the theory of constructivism, including activities that encourage learners to discover principles by themselves. A concept approach would include instruction based more on the cognitive learning theory, which focuses on an explanation of the development of cognitive structures and processes, and the intervention of these structures and processes between instruction and learning.
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